Sahih Bukhari Hadith 3
Volume: The Book of the Commencement of Divine Revelation [Wahi]
Chapter: The chapter discussing the Commencement of Divine Revelation [Wahi] towards Rasoolullah ﷺ
﷽
حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ عُقَيْلٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ أُمِّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ أَوَّلُ مَا بُدِئَ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم مِنَ الْوَحْىِ الرُّؤْيَا الصَّالِحَةُ فِي النَّوْمِ، فَكَانَ لاَ يَرَى رُؤْيَا إِلاَّ جَاءَتْ مِثْلَ فَلَقِ الصُّبْحِ، ثُمَّ حُبِّبَ إِلَيْهِ الْخَلاَءُ، وَكَانَ يَخْلُو بِغَارِ حِرَاءٍ فَيَتَحَنَّثُ فِيهِ ـ وَهُوَ التَّعَبُّدُ ـ اللَّيَالِيَ ذَوَاتِ الْعَدَدِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَنْزِعَ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ، وَيَتَزَوَّدُ لِذَلِكَ، ثُمَّ يَرْجِعُ إِلَى خَدِيجَةَ، فَيَتَزَوَّدُ لِمِثْلِهَا، حَتَّى جَاءَهُ الْحَقُّ وَهُوَ فِي غَارِ حِرَاءٍ، فَجَاءَهُ الْمَلَكُ فَقَالَ اقْرَأْ. قَالَ مَا أَنَا بِقَارِئٍ . قَالَ فَأَخَذَنِي فَغَطَّنِي حَتَّى بَلَغَ مِنِّي الْجَهْدَ، ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَنِي فَقَالَ اقْرَأْ. قُلْتُ مَا أَنَا بِقَارِئٍ. فَأَخَذَنِي فَغَطَّنِي الثَّانِيَةَ حَتَّى بَلَغَ مِنِّي الْجَهْدَ، ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَنِي فَقَالَ اقْرَأْ. فَقُلْتُ مَا أَنَا بِقَارِئٍ. فَأَخَذَنِي فَغَطَّنِي الثَّالِثَةَ، ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَنِي فَقَالَ {اقْرَأْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ خَلَقَ الإِنْسَانَ مِنْ عَلَقٍ اقْرَأْ وَرَبُّكَ الأَكْرَمُ} . فَرَجَعَ بِهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَرْجُفُ فُؤَادُهُ، فَدَخَلَ عَلَى خَدِيجَةَ بِنْتِ خُوَيْلِدٍ رضى الله عنها فَقَالَ زَمِّلُونِي زَمِّلُونِي . فَزَمَّلُوهُ حَتَّى ذَهَبَ عَنْهُ الرَّوْعُ، فَقَالَ لِخَدِيجَةَ وَأَخْبَرَهَا الْخَبَرَ " لَقَدْ خَشِيتُ عَلَى نَفْسِي . فَقَالَتْ خَدِيجَةُ كَلاَّ وَاللَّهِ مَا يُخْزِيكَ اللَّهُ أَبَدًا، إِنَّكَ لَتَصِلُ الرَّحِمَ، وَتَحْمِلُ الْكَلَّ، وَتَكْسِبُ الْمَعْدُومَ، وَتَقْرِي الضَّيْفَ، وَتُعِينُ عَلَى نَوَائِبِ الْحَقِّ. فَانْطَلَقَتْ بِهِ خَدِيجَةُ حَتَّى أَتَتْ بِهِ وَرَقَةَ بْنَ نَوْفَلِ بْنِ أَسَدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعُزَّى ابْنَ عَمِّ خَدِيجَةَ ـ وَكَانَ امْرَأً تَنَصَّرَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ، وَكَانَ يَكْتُبُ الْكِتَابَ الْعِبْرَانِيَّ، فَيَكْتُبُ مِنَ الإِنْجِيلِ بِالْعِبْرَانِيَّةِ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَكْتُبَ، وَكَانَ شَيْخًا كَبِيرًا قَدْ عَمِيَ ـ فَقَالَتْ لَهُ خَدِيجَةُ يَا ابْنَ عَمِّ اسْمَعْ مِنَ ابْنِ أَخِيكَ. فَقَالَ لَهُ وَرَقَةُ يَا ابْنَ أَخِي مَاذَا تَرَى فَأَخْبَرَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم خَبَرَ مَا رَأَى. فَقَالَ لَهُ وَرَقَةُ هَذَا النَّامُوسُ الَّذِي نَزَّلَ اللَّهُ عَلَى مُوسَى صلى الله عليه وسلم يَا لَيْتَنِي فِيهَا جَذَعًا، لَيْتَنِي أَكُونُ حَيًّا إِذْ يُخْرِجُكَ قَوْمُكَ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَوَمُخْرِجِيَّ هُمْ . قَالَ نَعَمْ، لَمْ يَأْتِ رَجُلٌ قَطُّ بِمِثْلِ مَا جِئْتَ بِهِ إِلاَّ عُودِيَ، وَإِنْ يُدْرِكْنِي يَوْمُكَ أَنْصُرْكَ نَصْرًا مُؤَزَّرًا. ثُمَّ لَمْ يَنْشَبْ وَرَقَةُ أَنْ تُوُفِّيَ وَفَتَرَ الْوَحْىُ.
Yahya Ibn Bukair Narrated To Us A Hadith. He Says That Laith Reported To Us A Hadith. He Reports From Aqeel. He Reports From Ibn Shihab. He Reports From Urwah Ibn Zubair. He Reports From Umm Ul Momineen Hazrat A’isha رضى الله تعالى عنها That She Said, The Commencement Of Divine Revelation (Wahi) Upon Rasoolullah ﷺ Was In The Form Of Good Dreams, And Whatever Dreams Huzoor ﷺ Saw Would Have A True Interpretation, As Clear And As Bright As Daylight. The Attraction And Love For Remaining In Seclusion Was Entered Into His ﷺ Heart, And He ﷺ Started To Seclude (Isolate) Himself In The Cave Of Hira. He ﷺ Would Remain There Completely Absorbed In Ibaadat (i.e. Worship) For Many Days On End, Until He ﷺ Had The Need To See His ﷺ Family. He ﷺ Would Carry With Him The Necessary Provisions (Food Etc.). He Would Then Return To Hazrat Khadija رضى الله تعالى عنها And Again Take With Him ﷺ Whatever Provisions (Food Etc.) Were Required, Until Such Time That The Truth (i.e. The Divine Revelation) Descended Upon Him ﷺ While He ﷺ Was In The Cave Of Hira. The Angel Appreared To Him And Said, Read! He ﷺ, I Will Not Read. Huzoor ﷺ Said, The Angel Then Embraced Me With Immense Power (i.e. He Grasped Me Tightly), And He Then Released Me, And Then Said (Again), Read! I Said, I Will Not Read. He Again Embraced Me Tightly And Then Again He Released Me And Said, Read! I Said, I Will Not Read. Rasoolullah ﷺ Said, (When) The Angel Embraced Me With All Its Strength Tightly For The Third Time, He Said, Read In The Name Of Your Rab’b Who Created Man From A Clot Of Blood (The Angel Recited The First Verses Of Surah Alaq Up To). Rasoolullah ﷺ Then Returned With These Verses (i.e. With The Divine Revelation) In A Condition Where Both His ﷺ Blessed Shoulders And The Area Between His ﷺ Neck Was Trembling, And His ﷺ Heart Was Beating Intensely. He ﷺ Then Went To Khadija Bint Khuwailid And Said, Cover Me (In A Sheet)! Cover Me (In A Sheet)! So They Covered Him ﷺ In A Sheet Until His ﷺ Intense State Subsided. He Then Informed Khadija رضى الله تعالى عنها Of The Entire Occurrence, Saying To Her, I Was Concerned For My Life. Khadija رضى الله تعالى عنها Said, Such Will Never Happen! By Allah! Almighty Allah Will Never Humiliate You. You Keep Good Family Ties With Your Near And Dear Ones, And You Are Honest, And You Bear The Burden Of The People, And You Grant That To The People Which They Do Not Have (i.e. You Assist The Needy), And You Are Hospitable Towards Your Guests, And You Assist The People Who Face Hardships In The Path Of Righteousness. Thereafter, Hazrat Khadija رضى الله تعالى عنها Took Huzoor ﷺ With Her To Her Paternal Cousin Brother Waraqah Ibn Naufal Ibn Asad Ibn Abdul Uz’za Ibn Qusay. Waraqa Had Become A Christian During The Period Of Ignorance, And He Could Write In Hebrew And (Arabic), And He Used To Write The Injeel In Hebrew And (Arabic), As Much As Allah Willed. He Was Now Very Old And Hazrat Khadija رضى الله تعالى عنها Said To Him, O My Paternal Cousin! Listen To What Your Nephew Has To Say. So Waraqa Said To Huzoor ﷺ, O My Nephew! What Did You See? So Rasoolullah ﷺ Informed Him Of Whatever He ﷺ Had Seen. (On Hearing This) Waraqa Said (To Huzoor ﷺ(, This Is The Same Angel (i.e. Jibreel عليه الصلاة والسلام) Whom Almighty Allah Sent Down Upon Hazrat Moosa عليه الصلاة والسلام. ‘O How I Wish, That I Would Have Been Alive And A Strong, Vibrant, Youthful Person Then, When Your People Will Cause You To Leave (Makkah). On Hearing This, Huzoor ﷺ Said, Will My People Cause Me To Leave? Waraqa Said, Yes! Whenever Someone Like You Brought The True Message, They Became His Enemies And Treated Him With Hostility. If I Were Alive In That Time, I Would Give You My Full Support. Waraqa Passed Away A Short Time Thereafter, And There Was A Pause In The Descending Of The Revelation.
References
Sahih Bukhari 3, The Book of the Commencement of Divine Revelation, The chapter discussing the Commencement of Divine Revelation [Wahi] towards Rasoolullah ﷺ
[Translator]
Mufti Afthab Cassim Qadri Ridawi Noori
Imam Mustafa Raza Research Center, IMRRC
Durban, South Africa